Questões de Inglês: leitura de textos financeiros
Língua Inglesa, 55 questões com gabarito comentado
Read the text: "Digital banks have grown quickly because they charge lower fees and offer accounts through mobile apps. However, many customers still visit physical branches to solve complex problems." According to the text, digital banks have grown because they:
- A)
close customers' accounts
- B)
have more branches than traditional banks
- C)
charge lower fees and use mobile apps
- D)
solve all complex problems
- E)
charge higher interest rates
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Gabarito: letra C
O texto diz que os bancos digitais cresceram because they charge lower fees and offer accounts through mobile apps, ou seja, por tarifas menores e contas em aplicativos. Resolver todos os problemas complexos contraria o trecho sobre clientes que ainda vão às agências.
- A)
Read the text: "Digital banks have grown quickly because they charge lower fees and offer accounts through mobile apps. However, many customers still visit physical branches to solve complex problems." In this text, the word "branches" means:
- A)
agências
- B)
árvores
- C)
acionistas
- D)
dívidas
- E)
empréstimos
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Gabarito: letra A
Em texto bancário, branch significa agência, sentido confirmado por physical branches, local procurado para resolver problemas complexos. Árvores é a armadilha clássica, pois lembra o significado de ramo, mas o contexto financeiro afasta essa leitura.
- A)
Read the text: "When central banks raise interest rates, loans become more expensive. As a result, consumers tend to borrow less, and this can slow down inflation." In the text, the word "this" refers to:
- A)
the price of loans only
- B)
consumers' salaries
- C)
central banks' buildings
- D)
digital accounts
- E)
consumers borrowing less
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Gabarito: letra E
O pronome this retoma o fato imediatamente anterior, consumers tend to borrow less, que pode reduzir a inflação. A opção sobre o preço dos empréstimos é a mais próxima, mas aparece antes e não é a ideia diretamente retomada.
- A)
Read the text: "When central banks raise interest rates, loans become more expensive. As a result, consumers tend to borrow less, and this can slow down inflation." It can be inferred that higher interest rates:
- A)
always increase inflation in the economy
- B)
may reduce demand for credit
- C)
make loans cheaper
- D)
eliminate consumer debt
- E)
prohibit bank lending
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Gabarito: letra B
O texto afirma que juros mais altos encarecem os empréstimos e levam consumidores a tomar menos crédito, logo podem reduzir sua demanda. Eliminar toda a dívida extrapola o trecho, que usa tend to e fala em tendência, não em resultado absoluto.
- A)
Read the text: "A mortgage is a long-term loan used to buy a house. If the borrower stops paying, the lender may take the property." The word "lender" refers to the:
- A)
buyer of insurance
- B)
house neighbor
- C)
tax authority
- D)
institution that provides the loan
- E)
person who stops paying
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Gabarito: letra D
Lender é quem empresta o dinheiro, como o texto indica ao dizer que ele pode tomar o imóvel se o borrower parar de pagar. A pessoa que para de pagar é a distratora direta, pois descreve o borrower.
- A)
Small towns are often the first to lose their bank branches. When a branch closes, older residents may have to travel long distances to deposit cash or ask for help with their accounts. Banks argue that most customers now prefer their phones, and that keeping quiet branches open is too costly. Community groups reply that a digital service is useless for people without reliable internet access. Some banks are now testing shared branches, where several institutions divide the rent and staff of a single office.
The main topic of the text is
- A)
the closing of bank branches in small towns and possible responses
- B)
the history of paper money
- C)
the rise of interest rates in large cities
- D)
the training of bank managers abroad
- E)
the price of smartphones
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Gabarito: letra A
O texto começa com a perda de agências em cidades pequenas e prossegue com as justificativas dos bancos, as críticas e as agências compartilhadas. A alternativa sobre juros em grandes cidades não encontra apoio em nenhum trecho do texto.
- A)
Small towns are often the first to lose their bank branches. When a branch closes, older residents may have to travel long distances to deposit cash or ask for help with their accounts. Banks argue that most customers now prefer their phones, and that keeping quiet branches open is too costly. Community groups reply that a digital service is useless for people without reliable internet access. Some banks are now testing shared branches, where several institutions divide the rent and staff of a single office.
According to the text, banks justify closing branches by saying that
- A)
older residents no longer hold accounts
- B)
community groups demanded the closures
- C)
internet access is unreliable everywhere
- D)
the government ordered them to close
- E)
most customers prefer their phones and quiet branches are too costly
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Gabarito: letra E
Os bancos argumentam que most customers now prefer their phones e que manter agências pouco movimentadas é too costly. A opção sobre os moradores mais velhos não terem contas é armadilha, pois eles aparecem precisando viajar para resolver assuntos delas.
- A)
Small towns are often the first to lose their bank branches. When a branch closes, older residents may have to travel long distances to deposit cash or ask for help with their accounts. Banks argue that most customers now prefer their phones, and that keeping quiet branches open is too costly. Community groups reply that a digital service is useless for people without reliable internet access. Some banks are now testing shared branches, where several institutions divide the rent and staff of a single office.
In the text, the word "reply" in "Community groups reply" can be replaced, without change in meaning, by
- A)
ignore
- B)
answer
- C)
borrow
- D)
invest
- E)
forget
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Gabarito: letra B
Em community groups reply, o verbo reply significa responder, e answer mantém o sentido da frase. Ignore é a distratora mais forte, pois as comunidades apresentam uma resposta aos bancos, e não deixam de considerar o argumento deles.
- A)
Small towns are often the first to lose their bank branches. When a branch closes, older residents may have to travel long distances to deposit cash or ask for help with their accounts. Banks argue that most customers now prefer their phones, and that keeping quiet branches open is too costly. Community groups reply that a digital service is useless for people without reliable internet access. Some banks are now testing shared branches, where several institutions divide the rent and staff of a single office.
The word "where" in "shared branches, where several institutions divide the rent" refers to
- A)
small towns
- B)
shared branches
- C)
community groups
- D)
older residents
- E)
phones
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Gabarito: letra B
O relativo where retoma shared branches, o local em que várias instituições dividem aluguel e pessoal. Small towns é a distratora mais tentadora, porque aparece no início do texto, mas o antecedente imediato é o termo citado no trecho.
- A)
Small towns are often the first to lose their bank branches. When a branch closes, older residents may have to travel long distances to deposit cash or ask for help with their accounts. Banks argue that most customers now prefer their phones, and that keeping quiet branches open is too costly. Community groups reply that a digital service is useless for people without reliable internet access. Some banks are now testing shared branches, where several institutions divide the rent and staff of a single office.
It can be inferred from the text that shared branches are intended to
- A)
eliminate the need for staff in any office
- B)
force customers to use mobile applications
- C)
increase the rent paid by each bank
- D)
stop cash deposits in small towns
- E)
reduce the cost of keeping a physical presence
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Gabarito: letra E
Se várias instituições dividem o aluguel e a equipe de um escritório, a ideia é reduzir o custo de manter presença física. A opção de eliminar funcionários contraria o trecho, pois a equipe também é compartilhada e continua existindo.
- A)
A credit score is a number that estimates how likely a person is to repay a loan. Lenders use it to decide whether to approve an application and how much interest to charge. Paying bills on time usually raises a score, while missing payments lowers it. Critics warn that people who have never borrowed may have no score at all, even when they manage their money carefully. For this reason, some lenders have begun to consider rent and utility payments as additional evidence of good financial behavior.
According to the text, a credit score estimates
- A)
how likely a person is to repay a loan
- B)
how much a house is worth
- C)
how many banks a country has
- D)
the annual profit of a lender
- E)
the inflation rate expected for the next year
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Gabarito: letra A
A primeira frase define credit score como o número que estima how likely a person is to repay a loan, isto é, a probabilidade de pagar o empréstimo. O valor de uma casa não é mencionado no texto.
- A)
A credit score is a number that estimates how likely a person is to repay a loan. Lenders use it to decide whether to approve an application and how much interest to charge. Paying bills on time usually raises a score, while missing payments lowers it. Critics warn that people who have never borrowed may have no score at all, even when they manage their money carefully. For this reason, some lenders have begun to consider rent and utility payments as additional evidence of good financial behavior.
In the text, "lenders" are
- A)
those who rent houses
- B)
those who provide loans
- C)
those who write the laws
- D)
those who repair computers
- E)
those who pay utility bills only
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Gabarito: letra B
No texto, lenders são quem decide aprovar pedidos e cobrar juros, portanto quem concede empréstimos. As pessoas que pagam contas de utilidade aparecem como avaliadas, não como credoras, o que afasta a opção que usa esses termos.
- A)
A credit score is a number that estimates how likely a person is to repay a loan. Lenders use it to decide whether to approve an application and how much interest to charge. Paying bills on time usually raises a score, while missing payments lowers it. Critics warn that people who have never borrowed may have no score at all, even when they manage their money carefully. For this reason, some lenders have begun to consider rent and utility payments as additional evidence of good financial behavior.
The expression "on time" in "Paying bills on time" means
- A)
many years later
- B)
in foreign currency
- C)
at any moment after the deadline
- D)
by the agreed date
- E)
with a credit card only
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Gabarito: letra D
On time significa no prazo, isto é, até a data combinada; o texto informa que pagar assim costuma elevar o score. A opção de qualquer momento depois do vencimento é a armadilha, pois descreve justamente o atraso.
- A)
A credit score is a number that estimates how likely a person is to repay a loan. Lenders use it to decide whether to approve an application and how much interest to charge. Paying bills on time usually raises a score, while missing payments lowers it. Critics warn that people who have never borrowed may have no score at all, even when they manage their money carefully. For this reason, some lenders have begun to consider rent and utility payments as additional evidence of good financial behavior.
The word "while" in "while missing payments lowers it" expresses
- A)
contrast
- B)
cause
- C)
purpose
- D)
time sequence only
- E)
condition
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Gabarito: letra A
While contrapõe dois efeitos: pagar em dia eleva o score, enquanto atrasar pagamentos o reduz. Time sequence é a armadilha, pois while pode indicar tempo em outras frases, mas aqui as ações apresentam resultados opostos.
- A)
A credit score is a number that estimates how likely a person is to repay a loan. Lenders use it to decide whether to approve an application and how much interest to charge. Paying bills on time usually raises a score, while missing payments lowers it. Critics warn that people who have never borrowed may have no score at all, even when they manage their money carefully. For this reason, some lenders have begun to consider rent and utility payments as additional evidence of good financial behavior.
According to the text, lenders consider rent and utility payments in order to
- A)
increase the interest paid by all borrowers
- B)
assess people who may have no credit score
- C)
replace the payment of bills on time
- D)
stop approving any new applications
- E)
reduce the rent charged by landlords
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Gabarito: letra B
A expressão for this reason liga a análise de aluguel e contas às pessoas que podem não ter score, mesmo administrando bem o dinheiro. Aumentar os juros de todos os tomadores não é a finalidade descrita no texto.
- A)
Phishing is a type of fraud in which criminals send messages that appear to come from a trusted company. The messages often create a sense of urgency, claiming that an account will be blocked unless the customer acts immediately. Once victims click on a link and type their passwords, the criminals can access their accounts. Banks recommend that customers never share passwords and always contact the bank through official channels. Even careful users can be deceived, so banks also monitor unusual transactions.
Phishing, according to the text, is
- A)
a safe method of saving passwords
- B)
an official bank channel
- C)
a tax on unusual transactions
- D)
a fraud using messages that appear to come from a trusted company
- E)
a type of savings account
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Gabarito: letra D
A primeira frase define phishing como fraude em que criminosos enviam mensagens que parecem vir de uma empresa confiável. A opção que menciona canal oficial do banco inverte a situação, pois o texto recomenda justamente procurar esses canais.
- A)
Phishing is a type of fraud in which criminals send messages that appear to come from a trusted company. The messages often create a sense of urgency, claiming that an account will be blocked unless the customer acts immediately. Once victims click on a link and type their passwords, the criminals can access their accounts. Banks recommend that customers never share passwords and always contact the bank through official channels. Even careful users can be deceived, so banks also monitor unusual transactions.
The messages described in the text often claim that
- A)
a customer has won a free house
- B)
an account will be blocked unless the customer acts immediately
- C)
the bank will close all branches
- D)
passwords are no longer required
- E)
the customer owes no money
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Gabarito: letra B
O texto afirma que as mensagens criam urgência, alegando que a conta será bloqueada se o cliente não agir imediatamente. A opção do prêmio é plausível em outros golpes, mas não aparece neste texto, e a resposta deve vir dele.
- A)
Phishing is a type of fraud in which criminals send messages that appear to come from a trusted company. The messages often create a sense of urgency, claiming that an account will be blocked unless the customer acts immediately. Once victims click on a link and type their passwords, the criminals can access their accounts. Banks recommend that customers never share passwords and always contact the bank through official channels. Even careful users can be deceived, so banks also monitor unusual transactions.
The word "unless" in "will be blocked unless the customer acts" is closest in meaning to
- A)
because
- B)
although
- C)
after
- D)
if not
- E)
so that
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Gabarito: letra D
Unless equivale a if not: a conta será bloqueada se o cliente não agir. Although é a distratora mais próxima entre conectivos de contraste e condição, mas indicaria concessão, e não a condição negativa apresentada na frase.
- A)
Phishing is a type of fraud in which criminals send messages that appear to come from a trusted company. The messages often create a sense of urgency, claiming that an account will be blocked unless the customer acts immediately. Once victims click on a link and type their passwords, the criminals can access their accounts. Banks recommend that customers never share passwords and always contact the bank through official channels. Even careful users can be deceived, so banks also monitor unusual transactions.
The word "Once" in "Once victims click on a link" indicates
- A)
a single occurrence in history
- B)
comparison between two victims
- C)
contrast with a previous idea
- D)
a purpose of the criminals
- E)
time, meaning as soon as
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Gabarito: letra E
Once funciona como conjunção de tempo e significa as soon as, ou assim que: logo depois que a vítima clica e digita a senha, ocorre o acesso. A opção de ocorrência única corresponde a outro uso da palavra.
- A)
Phishing is a type of fraud in which criminals send messages that appear to come from a trusted company. The messages often create a sense of urgency, claiming that an account will be blocked unless the customer acts immediately. Once victims click on a link and type their passwords, the criminals can access their accounts. Banks recommend that customers never share passwords and always contact the bank through official channels. Even careful users can be deceived, so banks also monitor unusual transactions.
The last sentence of the text implies that
- A)
careful users are never deceived
- B)
customer care alone is not enough to prevent fraud
- C)
banks do not need to monitor transactions
- D)
unusual transactions are always legal
- E)
official channels should be avoided
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Gabarito: letra B
A última frase diz que até usuários cuidadosos podem ser enganados, e por isso os bancos também monitoram transações incomuns. Dizer que usuários atentos nunca são enganados contraria o trecho even careful users can be deceived, presente na frase final.
- A)
When inflation rises, the money in a savings account buys less than it did before. To protect their purchasing power, many households look for investments that pay more than the rise in prices. Such investments, however, frequently carry higher risks. A fund that promises large returns may lose value quickly if markets fall. Financial advisers therefore suggest that people keep an emergency reserve in a safe and liquid place before they accept greater risk.
According to the text, when inflation rises, money in a savings account
- A)
buys exactly the same as before
- B)
automatically doubles in value
- C)
cannot be withdrawn
- D)
buys less than it did before
- E)
turns into a fund
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Gabarito: letra D
A primeira frase informa que, com a alta da inflação, o dinheiro na poupança buys less than it did before, ou seja, compra menos do que antes. Comprar exatamente o mesmo é a distratora direta, pois nega o efeito descrito.
- A)
When inflation rises, the money in a savings account buys less than it did before. To protect their purchasing power, many households look for investments that pay more than the rise in prices. Such investments, however, frequently carry higher risks. A fund that promises large returns may lose value quickly if markets fall. Financial advisers therefore suggest that people keep an emergency reserve in a safe and liquid place before they accept greater risk.
The word "households" means
- A)
buildings owned by banks
- B)
government agencies
- C)
foreign investors only
- D)
investment funds
- E)
families or people living together in a home
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Gabarito: letra E
Households designa famílias ou pessoas que moram no mesmo domicílio, grupo que busca proteger seu poder de compra no texto. Foreign investors é a distratora mais tentadora por envolver investimento, mas o texto não restringe a ideia a estrangeiros.
- A)
When inflation rises, the money in a savings account buys less than it did before. To protect their purchasing power, many households look for investments that pay more than the rise in prices. Such investments, however, frequently carry higher risks. A fund that promises large returns may lose value quickly if markets fall. Financial advisers therefore suggest that people keep an emergency reserve in a safe and liquid place before they accept greater risk.
The word "however" in the third sentence introduces
- A)
a contrast
- B)
an example
- C)
a conclusion
- D)
an addition
- E)
a time reference
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Gabarito: letra A
However introduz oposição: investimentos que pagam mais frequentemente trazem riscos maiores, em contraste com a vantagem mencionada antes. A opção de adição é tentadora porque há nova informação, mas o conectivo marca ressalva em relação ao benefício anterior.
- A)
When inflation rises, the money in a savings account buys less than it did before. To protect their purchasing power, many households look for investments that pay more than the rise in prices. Such investments, however, frequently carry higher risks. A fund that promises large returns may lose value quickly if markets fall. Financial advisers therefore suggest that people keep an emergency reserve in a safe and liquid place before they accept greater risk.
The word "therefore" in "Financial advisers therefore suggest" indicates
- A)
a consequence
- B)
a contrast
- C)
a doubt
- D)
a comparison
- E)
a condition
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Gabarito: letra A
Therefore significa portanto e indica consequência: como fundos podem perder valor, os consultores recomendam manter uma reserva. Contrast é a distratora direta, porque a recomendação decorre do risco já apresentado, sem se opor ao que foi dito antes.
- A)
When inflation rises, the money in a savings account buys less than it did before. To protect their purchasing power, many households look for investments that pay more than the rise in prices. Such investments, however, frequently carry higher risks. A fund that promises large returns may lose value quickly if markets fall. Financial advisers therefore suggest that people keep an emergency reserve in a safe and liquid place before they accept greater risk.
According to the text, an emergency reserve should be kept
- A)
in a safe and liquid place before accepting greater risk
- B)
in the riskiest fund available
- C)
only after large returns are obtained
- D)
in assets that lose value quickly
- E)
exclusively in foreign currency
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Gabarito: letra A
A última frase recomenda manter a reserva de emergência em lugar safe and liquid antes de aceitar risco maior. A opção do fundo mais arriscado é armadilha, pois inverte o conselho, já que esse risco deve vir depois da reserva.
- A)
Open data projects allow customers to share their financial information with other companies, provided that they give permission. Supporters claim that competition will increase because a new firm can offer a better loan to someone whose history was previously visible only to one bank. Opponents worry about privacy and about what happens if the data are stolen. Regulators are trying to balance both concerns, requiring clear consent and strict security standards.
Under the projects described, customers' information can be shared
- A)
provided that the customers give permission
- B)
without any permission
- C)
only after the customer's death
- D)
only among government offices
- E)
only on paper
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Gabarito: letra A
Provided that significa desde que, e o texto só admite o compartilhamento se os clientes derem permissão. A opção sem qualquer permissão é a distratora direta, pois contraria essa condição e a exigência de clear consent citada na última frase.
- A)
Open data projects allow customers to share their financial information with other companies, provided that they give permission. Supporters claim that competition will increase because a new firm can offer a better loan to someone whose history was previously visible only to one bank. Opponents worry about privacy and about what happens if the data are stolen. Regulators are trying to balance both concerns, requiring clear consent and strict security standards.
Opponents of the projects are worried about
- A)
low competition among firms
- B)
the cost of paper forms
- C)
the absence of new loans
- D)
the number of branches
- E)
privacy and data theft
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Gabarito: letra E
O texto diz que opponents worry about privacy e sobre o que ocorre se os dados forem roubados. Baixa competição é a distratora mais próxima, mas o tema da concorrência aparece na fala dos apoiadores, como benefício esperado do projeto.
- A)
Open data projects allow customers to share their financial information with other companies, provided that they give permission. Supporters claim that competition will increase because a new firm can offer a better loan to someone whose history was previously visible only to one bank. Opponents worry about privacy and about what happens if the data are stolen. Regulators are trying to balance both concerns, requiring clear consent and strict security standards.
The expression "provided that" is closest in meaning to
- A)
in spite of
- B)
because of
- C)
on the condition that
- D)
in order to
- E)
as well as
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Gabarito: letra C
Provided that introduz condição e equivale a on the condition that. In spite of é a distratora mais tentadora por ser locução conectiva, mas indica concessão, e o texto exige a permissão como condição para o compartilhamento de dados.
- A)
Open data projects allow customers to share their financial information with other companies, provided that they give permission. Supporters claim that competition will increase because a new firm can offer a better loan to someone whose history was previously visible only to one bank. Opponents worry about privacy and about what happens if the data are stolen. Regulators are trying to balance both concerns, requiring clear consent and strict security standards.
The word "whose" in "someone whose history" refers to
- A)
a new firm
- B)
someone
- C)
a better loan
- D)
one bank
- E)
competition
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Gabarito: letra B
Whose indica posse e retoma someone: o histórico pertence à pessoa antes visível a apenas um banco. A new firm é a distratora mais próxima, mas é a empresa que oferece o empréstimo, sem ser dona do histórico mencionado.
- A)
Open data projects allow customers to share their financial information with other companies, provided that they give permission. Supporters claim that competition will increase because a new firm can offer a better loan to someone whose history was previously visible only to one bank. Opponents worry about privacy and about what happens if the data are stolen. Regulators are trying to balance both concerns, requiring clear consent and strict security standards.
According to the text, regulators
- A)
have banned the sharing of financial data
- B)
support only the opponents of the projects
- C)
allow data sharing without consent
- D)
seek a balance by requiring clear consent and strict security
- E)
think security standards are unnecessary
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Gabarito: letra D
A última frase mostra reguladores buscando equilibrar as preocupações, com exigência de clear consent e strict security standards. A opção de proibir o compartilhamento é armadilha, porque o texto descreve regras para permitir o uso, e não uma vedação.
- A)
Remote work changed the way many banks use their buildings. Employees who once commuted every day now split their week between home and the office. As a result, some banks have reduced the size of their headquarters and redesigned the remaining space for meetings. Managers say that productivity has not fallen, although some admit that junior staff miss the informal guidance they used to receive from experienced colleagues.
The main idea of the text is that
- A)
banks are building larger headquarters
- B)
employees refuse to work from home
- C)
productivity fell in all banks
- D)
meetings were forbidden
- E)
remote work changed how banks use their buildings
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Gabarito: letra E
A primeira frase apresenta a ideia central, retomada ao tratar de sedes menores e espaços redesenhados: o trabalho remoto mudou o uso dos prédios dos bancos. Sedes maiores é a distratora direta, porque contraria a redução descrita no texto.
- A)
Remote work changed the way many banks use their buildings. Employees who once commuted every day now split their week between home and the office. As a result, some banks have reduced the size of their headquarters and redesigned the remaining space for meetings. Managers say that productivity has not fallen, although some admit that junior staff miss the informal guidance they used to receive from experienced colleagues.
The word "commuted" refers to
- A)
paying a debt in advance
- B)
changing a password
- C)
working at night
- D)
buying a building
- E)
travelling regularly to and from work
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Gabarito: letra E
Commuted se refere ao deslocamento regular entre casa e trabalho, feito antes todos os dias pelos empregados. Working at night é a distratora mais tentadora por envolver trabalho, mas o trecho trata do trajeto, e não do horário de expediente.
- A)
Remote work changed the way many banks use their buildings. Employees who once commuted every day now split their week between home and the office. As a result, some banks have reduced the size of their headquarters and redesigned the remaining space for meetings. Managers say that productivity has not fallen, although some admit that junior staff miss the informal guidance they used to receive from experienced colleagues.
The expression "As a result" introduces
- A)
a consequence
- B)
an opposition
- C)
an example
- D)
a condition
- E)
a definition
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Gabarito: letra A
As a result introduz a consequência da divisão da semana entre casa e escritório: bancos reduziram sedes e redesenharam espaços. An opposition é a distratora direta, pois nada se opõe à informação anterior nesse trecho, apenas se apresenta o efeito.
- A)
Remote work changed the way many banks use their buildings. Employees who once commuted every day now split their week between home and the office. As a result, some banks have reduced the size of their headquarters and redesigned the remaining space for meetings. Managers say that productivity has not fallen, although some admit that junior staff miss the informal guidance they used to receive from experienced colleagues.
The word "although" in the last sentence expresses
- A)
cause
- B)
purpose
- C)
concession
- D)
addition
- E)
time
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Gabarito: letra C
Although introduz concessão: a produtividade não caiu, embora alguns admitam a falta de orientação informal aos juniores. Cause é a distratora mais próxima entre os conectivos, mas a orientação não explica a produtividade, apenas limita a avaliação positiva.
- A)
Remote work changed the way many banks use their buildings. Employees who once commuted every day now split their week between home and the office. As a result, some banks have reduced the size of their headquarters and redesigned the remaining space for meetings. Managers say that productivity has not fallen, although some admit that junior staff miss the informal guidance they used to receive from experienced colleagues.
According to the text, junior staff
- A)
prefer never to meet colleagues
- B)
are more productive than managers
- C)
miss the informal guidance from experienced colleagues
- D)
commute every day of the week
- E)
redesigned the headquarters
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Gabarito: letra C
A última frase afirma que junior staff sente falta da orientação informal de colegas experientes. Dizer que nunca querem encontrar colegas contraria esse trecho, e o deslocamento diário é apresentado como hábito anterior ao trabalho remoto, e não como situação atual.
- A)
Microcredit offers small loans to people who cannot obtain ordinary bank credit, such as street vendors or owners of tiny workshops. Lenders often visit clients personally and adjust repayment schedules to the seasons of each business. The approach has helped many families to expand their income. Nevertheless, some studies suggest that it does not lift everyone out of poverty, and that high interest rates can leave vulnerable borrowers in debt.
Microcredit is intended for people who
- A)
already own large banks
- B)
cannot obtain ordinary bank credit
- C)
do not need any money
- D)
work only in government offices in the capital
- E)
invest in foreign funds
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Gabarito: letra B
A primeira frase afirma que o microcrédito é oferecido a pessoas que cannot obtain ordinary bank credit, como vendedores de rua e donos de pequenas oficinas. A opção dos donos de grandes bancos é armadilha, pois inverte o público descrito.
- A)
Microcredit offers small loans to people who cannot obtain ordinary bank credit, such as street vendors or owners of tiny workshops. Lenders often visit clients personally and adjust repayment schedules to the seasons of each business. The approach has helped many families to expand their income. Nevertheless, some studies suggest that it does not lift everyone out of poverty, and that high interest rates can leave vulnerable borrowers in debt.
The word "loans" in the first sentence means
- A)
buildings available for rent
- B)
bank employees
- C)
amounts of money lent
- D)
tax forms
- E)
street markets
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Gabarito: letra C
Loans significa empréstimos, isto é, quantias emprestadas às pessoas sem acesso ao crédito comum. Buildings available for rent é a distratora mais tentadora, porque rent aparece em outros textos, mas loan não se confunde com locação de imóvel.
- A)
Microcredit offers small loans to people who cannot obtain ordinary bank credit, such as street vendors or owners of tiny workshops. Lenders often visit clients personally and adjust repayment schedules to the seasons of each business. The approach has helped many families to expand their income. Nevertheless, some studies suggest that it does not lift everyone out of poverty, and that high interest rates can leave vulnerable borrowers in debt.
According to the text, repayment schedules are adjusted to
- A)
the opening hours of banks
- B)
the age of the lender
- C)
the seasons of each business
- D)
the national holidays of the year only
- E)
the price of houses
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Gabarito: letra C
O texto informa que os credores adjust repayment schedules to the seasons of each business, adequando os pagamentos ao ritmo de cada negócio. Horário de abertura dos bancos é uma opção plausível no setor, mas não tem respaldo no trecho.
- A)
Microcredit offers small loans to people who cannot obtain ordinary bank credit, such as street vendors or owners of tiny workshops. Lenders often visit clients personally and adjust repayment schedules to the seasons of each business. The approach has helped many families to expand their income. Nevertheless, some studies suggest that it does not lift everyone out of poverty, and that high interest rates can leave vulnerable borrowers in debt.
The word "Nevertheless" can be replaced, without change in meaning, by
- A)
moreover
- B)
because
- C)
for example
- D)
therefore
- E)
however
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Gabarito: letra E
Nevertheless indica contraste e pode ser trocado por however, mantendo a oposição entre benefícios do microcrédito e seus limites. Therefore é a distratora mais tentadora por ser conectivo formal, mas apresentaria consequência, relação diferente da expressa no texto.
- A)
Microcredit offers small loans to people who cannot obtain ordinary bank credit, such as street vendors or owners of tiny workshops. Lenders often visit clients personally and adjust repayment schedules to the seasons of each business. The approach has helped many families to expand their income. Nevertheless, some studies suggest that it does not lift everyone out of poverty, and that high interest rates can leave vulnerable borrowers in debt.
Based on the text, it is correct to say that microcredit
- A)
has benefits, but does not solve poverty for everyone
- B)
always ends poverty
- C)
never helped any family
- D)
charges no interest
- E)
is available only to large companies
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Gabarito: letra A
O texto reconhece que o microcrédito ajudou muitas famílias, mas nevertheless aponta que não tira todos da pobreza e que juros altos podem endividar. Always ends poverty contraria essa limitação, e charges no interest contraria a menção aos juros.
- A)
Artificial intelligence is now widely used to answer customer questions in banking apps. These assistants can handle simple requests at any hour, freeing human employees for more complex cases. However, an assistant may give wrong answers with great confidence. For that reason, many institutions require that important decisions, such as refusing a loan, be reviewed by a person. They also keep records so that auditors can later understand how a decision was made.
According to the text, assistants can
- A)
replace all human employees
- B)
handle simple requests at any hour
- C)
approve every loan requested
- D)
work only during regular business hours
- E)
audit the banks' records alone
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Gabarito: letra B
A segunda frase diz que os assistentes podem handle simple requests at any hour, atendendo pedidos simples a qualquer hora. Substituir todos os empregados é armadilha, pois o texto afirma que pessoas ficam livres para os casos mais complexos.
- A)
Artificial intelligence is now widely used to answer customer questions in banking apps. These assistants can handle simple requests at any hour, freeing human employees for more complex cases. However, an assistant may give wrong answers with great confidence. For that reason, many institutions require that important decisions, such as refusing a loan, be reviewed by a person. They also keep records so that auditors can later understand how a decision was made.
The word "freeing" in the second sentence means
- A)
charging
- B)
making available
- C)
punishing
- D)
selling
- E)
hiring
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Gabarito: letra B
Freeing significa liberando ou tornando disponíveis: os assistentes deixam os empregados humanos livres para casos complexos. Hiring é a distratora mais tentadora por tratar de pessoal, mas o texto não fala em contratação, e sim em redistribuição do trabalho.
- A)
Artificial intelligence is now widely used to answer customer questions in banking apps. These assistants can handle simple requests at any hour, freeing human employees for more complex cases. However, an assistant may give wrong answers with great confidence. For that reason, many institutions require that important decisions, such as refusing a loan, be reviewed by a person. They also keep records so that auditors can later understand how a decision was made.
The word "These" at the beginning of the second sentence refers to
- A)
banking apps
- B)
assistants
- C)
customer questions
- D)
human employees
- E)
complex cases
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Gabarito: letra B
These assistants retoma a ideia de sistemas de inteligência artificial que respondem perguntas de clientes, citada na frase anterior. Human employees é a distratora mais próxima, mas esses aparecem depois como aqueles liberados para casos mais complexos.
- A)
Artificial intelligence is now widely used to answer customer questions in banking apps. These assistants can handle simple requests at any hour, freeing human employees for more complex cases. However, an assistant may give wrong answers with great confidence. For that reason, many institutions require that important decisions, such as refusing a loan, be reviewed by a person. They also keep records so that auditors can later understand how a decision was made.
The word "such as" in "important decisions, such as refusing a loan" introduces
- A)
a contrast
- B)
a conclusion
- C)
a cause
- D)
an example
- E)
a time reference
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Gabarito: letra D
Such as introduz exemplo: refusing a loan é um caso de decisão importante que deve ser revista por pessoa. A contrast é a distratora mais tentadora em questões de conectivos, mas a expressão apenas ilustra a categoria anterior.
- A)
Artificial intelligence is now widely used to answer customer questions in banking apps. These assistants can handle simple requests at any hour, freeing human employees for more complex cases. However, an assistant may give wrong answers with great confidence. For that reason, many institutions require that important decisions, such as refusing a loan, be reviewed by a person. They also keep records so that auditors can later understand how a decision was made.
The text implies that records are kept in order to
- A)
eliminate the need for human review
- B)
increase wrong answers
- C)
hide decisions from auditors
- D)
allow later understanding of how decisions were made
- E)
reduce the number of apps
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Gabarito: letra D
O texto diz que os registros são mantidos so that auditors can later understand how a decision was made, ou seja, para compreensão posterior. Esconder decisões dos auditores é a distratora direta, pois contraria a finalidade expressa na frase.
- A)
Before the arrival of cards and apps, people depended on cash for most purchases. Today, in many countries, shops accept digital payments for even the smallest items. This shift is convenient, but it also raises concerns. If a network fails, payments may stop. Moreover, people without bank accounts could be excluded from ordinary commerce. Several governments have therefore declared that cash must remain available to those who need it.
The text states that, before cards and apps, people depended on
- A)
digital payments for every item
- B)
loans from foreign banks
- C)
networks of computers
- D)
government coupons only
- E)
cash for most purchases
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Gabarito: letra E
A primeira frase afirma que, antes de cartões e aplicativos, as pessoas depended on cash for most purchases, isto é, usavam dinheiro na maioria das compras. Pagamentos digitais para tudo descrevem o período atual, e não o anterior.
- A)
Before the arrival of cards and apps, people depended on cash for most purchases. Today, in many countries, shops accept digital payments for even the smallest items. This shift is convenient, but it also raises concerns. If a network fails, payments may stop. Moreover, people without bank accounts could be excluded from ordinary commerce. Several governments have therefore declared that cash must remain available to those who need it.
The word "shift" in "This shift is convenient" means
- A)
store
- B)
price
- C)
change
- D)
loan
- E)
customer
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Gabarito: letra C
Shift significa mudança, referindo-se à passagem do dinheiro em espécie para pagamentos digitais. Store é a distratora mais próxima por lembrar o contexto de lojas, mas o pronome this retoma a transformação descrita antes, e não um estabelecimento.
- A)
Before the arrival of cards and apps, people depended on cash for most purchases. Today, in many countries, shops accept digital payments for even the smallest items. This shift is convenient, but it also raises concerns. If a network fails, payments may stop. Moreover, people without bank accounts could be excluded from ordinary commerce. Several governments have therefore declared that cash must remain available to those who need it.
The word "Moreover" in the text can be replaced by
- A)
however
- B)
in addition
- C)
instead
- D)
unless
- E)
whereas
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Gabarito: letra B
Moreover acrescenta uma nova preocupação e pode ser trocado por in addition. However é a distratora mais tentadora por ser conectivo comum, mas indicaria contraste, enquanto a exclusão de pessoas sem conta soma-se ao risco de falha da rede.
- A)
Before the arrival of cards and apps, people depended on cash for most purchases. Today, in many countries, shops accept digital payments for even the smallest items. This shift is convenient, but it also raises concerns. If a network fails, payments may stop. Moreover, people without bank accounts could be excluded from ordinary commerce. Several governments have therefore declared that cash must remain available to those who need it.
The modal "could" in "could be excluded" indicates
- A)
permission in the past
- B)
strong obligation
- C)
possibility
- D)
ability already proven
- E)
certainty
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Gabarito: letra C
Could em could be excluded indica possibilidade futura, um risco para quem não tem conta bancária. Certainty é a distratora mais próxima pela ideia de resultado, mas o modal não afirma que a exclusão ocorrerá com certeza.
- A)
Before the arrival of cards and apps, people depended on cash for most purchases. Today, in many countries, shops accept digital payments for even the smallest items. This shift is convenient, but it also raises concerns. If a network fails, payments may stop. Moreover, people without bank accounts could be excluded from ordinary commerce. Several governments have therefore declared that cash must remain available to those who need it.
According to the text, governments declared that cash must remain available because
- A)
cash is cheaper than any network
- B)
shops refused all digital payments
- C)
digital payments may exclude people and networks may fail
- D)
banks asked to close all accounts
- E)
people without accounts prefer apps
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Gabarito: letra C
O conectivo therefore liga a decisão dos governos às preocupações anteriores: redes podem falhar e pessoas sem conta podem ser excluídas. Dizer que o dinheiro é mais barato que qualquer rede é uma afirmação que o texto não faz.
- A)
Green bonds are debt securities whose funds are reserved for projects that benefit the environment, such as renewable energy or clean transport. Investors buy them expecting both a return and a positive impact. A common concern is greenwashing, the practice of presenting an activity as more environmentally friendly than it really is. To reduce this risk, issuers are usually asked to report how the money was spent and to obtain an independent review.
Green bonds, according to the text, are debt securities used to fund
- A)
the purchase of luxury goods
- B)
military equipment only
- C)
projects that benefit the environment
- D)
the payment of employee bonuses
- E)
any activity without restriction
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Gabarito: letra C
A primeira frase define green bonds como títulos cujos recursos são reservados a projetos que beneficiam o meio ambiente, como energia renovável e transporte limpo. A opção de qualquer atividade sem restrição contraria justamente a destinação específica dos recursos.
- A)
Green bonds are debt securities whose funds are reserved for projects that benefit the environment, such as renewable energy or clean transport. Investors buy them expecting both a return and a positive impact. A common concern is greenwashing, the practice of presenting an activity as more environmentally friendly than it really is. To reduce this risk, issuers are usually asked to report how the money was spent and to obtain an independent review.
Greenwashing is defined in the text as
- A)
washing banknotes in clean water
- B)
painting bank branches green
- C)
issuing bonds in foreign currency
- D)
reporting how money was spent
- E)
presenting an activity as more environmentally friendly than it really is
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Gabarito: letra E
O texto define greenwashing como apresentar uma atividade como mais ambientalmente amigável do que realmente é. A opção sobre prestar contas do gasto é armadilha, pois esse relatório aparece como medida para reduzir o risco, e não como definição.
- A)
Green bonds are debt securities whose funds are reserved for projects that benefit the environment, such as renewable energy or clean transport. Investors buy them expecting both a return and a positive impact. A common concern is greenwashing, the practice of presenting an activity as more environmentally friendly than it really is. To reduce this risk, issuers are usually asked to report how the money was spent and to obtain an independent review.
The word "issuers" refers to those who
- A)
clean the rivers
- B)
offer the bonds to investors
- C)
buy only shares
- D)
write independent reviews
- E)
spend the investors' salaries
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Gabarito: letra B
Issuers são os emissores, ou seja, quem oferece os títulos aos investidores e deve informar como o dinheiro foi gasto. A opção dos revisores independentes é a mais próxima, mas o texto menciona a revisão como algo obtido pelos emissores.
- A)
Green bonds are debt securities whose funds are reserved for projects that benefit the environment, such as renewable energy or clean transport. Investors buy them expecting both a return and a positive impact. A common concern is greenwashing, the practice of presenting an activity as more environmentally friendly than it really is. To reduce this risk, issuers are usually asked to report how the money was spent and to obtain an independent review.
The word "whose" in "debt securities whose funds" indicates
- A)
time
- B)
purpose
- C)
possession
- D)
contrast
- E)
comparison
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Gabarito: letra C
Whose indica posse: os recursos pertencem aos títulos de dívida descritos na frase. Purpose é a distratora mais tentadora, pois a frase fala da destinação dos recursos, mas essa finalidade vem de are reserved for, e não do pronome.
- A)
Green bonds are debt securities whose funds are reserved for projects that benefit the environment, such as renewable energy or clean transport. Investors buy them expecting both a return and a positive impact. A common concern is greenwashing, the practice of presenting an activity as more environmentally friendly than it really is. To reduce this risk, issuers are usually asked to report how the money was spent and to obtain an independent review.
According to the text, the independent review aims to
- A)
reduce the risk of greenwashing
- B)
raise the interest rate paid to issuers
- C)
replace the reports on how money was spent
- D)
stop investors from buying bonds
- E)
prevent renewable energy projects
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Gabarito: letra A
O trecho to reduce this risk liga a revisão independente ao risco de greenwashing mencionado na frase anterior. A opção de substituir os relatórios de gastos é armadilha, porque o texto exige as duas medidas ao mesmo tempo.
- A)